Kind:
Sample
Type:
ENTRY
Registrator:
fabian.plass
Registration Date:
2022-08-09 12:20:00.266225
Modifier:
fabian.plass
Modification Date:
2023-07-26 12:06:48.876824
ENTRY739
ENTRY3602
Name:
Introduction
Document:
Digital transformation is a key challenge and has an impact on our entire society. The main players here are companies that use intelligent information technologies (IT) and networks for machines and processes (Industry 4.0). Starting with flexible production via modular, changeable production processes to customer-specific solutions and products with the help of sophisticated data acquisition, processing, and analysis (Bauernhansl et al, 2014; Lasi et al, 2014). Further examples are automation processes, machine-to-machine communication, internet-of-things (IoT) process implementation, or even augmented-reality-based workflows (Bauernhansl et al, 2014; Egger and Masood, 2020; Lasi et al, 2014; Li et al, 2015).
However, not only companies are subject to this change, but also government institutions (eGovernment) (Gisler, 2001), as well as science itself (Kimmig et al, 2021). Thus, the topic of Open Science has become a growing movement (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.) et al, 2018), which, for example, has been supported in the European context of the Open Research Data and Data management plans of the European Research Council (ERC) established by the European Commission for almost five years. However, the ERC has been promoting the causes of Open Science since 2007 (ERC Scientific Council, 2021). This also manifests that open access publications from funded projects have already become mandatory to a certain extent. Exemplarily, the DFG (German Research Foundation) supports infrastructure projects within, e.g., Collaborative Research Centres (CRCs), as long-term university-based research institutions, established for up to 12 years, whose funding objective is to establish powerful information systems for research in a holistic perspective (German Research Foundation, 2021). Accordingly, new infrastructure on a national (german Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur, NFDI) and european level (European Open Science Cloud, EOSC) (European Commission. Directorate General for Research and Innovation., 2016; Mons et al, 2017) have been established fostering the subject of research data management, data publications, and Open Science. Nevertheless, the topic of Open Science includes more than just the public provision of data in the sense of open access publications, but also in the approaches of open methodology, sources, and data. The necessary implementation and representation of good scientific data management, data quality, and stewardship (data governance) are tremendously important (Brous et al, 2016; Hildebrand et al, 2011; Ladley, 2020; Wilkinson et al, 2016). The resulting benefits can be measured directly, e.g., in terms of improvements in process efficiency or cost and risk reductions, and indirectly, such as increased acceptance, perception, and trust (Brous et al, 2016; Hildebrand et al, 2011; Tallon, 2013).